Careers in the Pharmaceutical Sciences
Roshan Tolani asked:
The pharmaceutical sciences have saved millions of lives and improved quality of life by playing an important role in the discovery and development of new drugs and drug therapies. As science and medicine evolve and discoveries are made at an astonishing rate, the pharmaceutical industry continues to generate billions of dollars and employ top researchers and professionals.
With accelerating advances in science and technology, the pharmaceutical industry has entered its most promising period yet for new drug development. Pharmaceutical companies are using new knowledge and techniques to attack the root causes—rather than just the symptoms—of diseases and thus are revolutionizing the ways in which new drugs are discovered and developed.
The Disciplines of the Pharmaceutical Sciences
The pharmaceutical sciences can be broadly categorized according to the following disciplines:
* Drug discovery: This discipline deals with the design and synthesis of new drug molecules and includes medicinal chemistry, combinatorial chemistry, and biotechnology.
* Drug delivery: This discipline deals with designing the forms of drug dosages and their delivery to patients. Those involved in drug delivery work to determine the best concentrations of and schedules for drugs. Sciences related to this field include pharmaceutics, biomaterials, and pharmacokinetics.
* Drug action: This discipline examines the actions of drugs in living systems. Sciences dealing with drug action include molecular biology, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, toxicology, and biochemistry.
* Clinical sciences: This discipline deals with the use of drugs to treat diseases. Drugs’ properties, such as efficacy, adverse effects, drug-to-drug interactions, and bioavailability, are tested in clinical trials.
* Drug analysis: This discipline deals with the separation, identification, and quantification of components of drugs.
* Cost effectiveness: This discipline deals with the economics of drug usage.
* Regulatory affairs: This discipline deals with the coordination of academia, industry, and regulatory bodies.
Careers in the Pharmaceutical Industry
The research-based pharmaceutical industry is one of the strongest components of the American economy and leads the world in discovering and developing innovative new life-saving medicines.
Almost half of the most important global drugs developed between 1975 and 1994 originated in the U.S. U.S. companies developed 370 new medicines to fight dreaded diseases during this period. In 2000, the market value of the industry was greater than $379 million. The field offers a myriad of opportunities to pharmaceutical scientists.
Pharmaceutical companies employ several hundred thousand professionals in a variety of jobs in the U.S. In view of the demand for well-trained professionals, the earning potential of pharmacists is very high. According to an American Pharmaceutical Association report, pharmacists’ salaries range from around $40,000 to $70,000.
Is a Career in Pharmaceutical Sciences Right for Me?
The pharmaceutical field is a good choice for those who:
* want to work in laboratories
* desire to contribute to the health and well-being of society
* love science and excel in the subject
* enjoy professional challenges
* enjoy finding solutions to medical problems baffling scientific communities
How Can I Become a Pharmaceutical Scientist?
Get an undergraduate or advanced college degree in pharmacy, chemistry, biology, medicine, or a related field. There are many who became pharmaceutical scientists after obtaining degrees in economics, marketing, business, or other non-scientific subjects. To work as a registered pharmacist, one needs to satisfy both national and state licensing requirements. Some states require fulfillment of a certain number of continuing education credits annually to stay abreast of developments in the field.
The pharmaceutical sciences have saved millions of lives and improved quality of life by playing an important role in the discovery and development of new drugs and drug therapies. As science and medicine evolve and discoveries are made at an astonishing rate, the pharmaceutical industry continues to generate billions of dollars and employ top researchers and professionals.
With accelerating advances in science and technology, the pharmaceutical industry has entered its most promising period yet for new drug development. Pharmaceutical companies are using new knowledge and techniques to attack the root causes—rather than just the symptoms—of diseases and thus are revolutionizing the ways in which new drugs are discovered and developed.
The Disciplines of the Pharmaceutical Sciences
The pharmaceutical sciences can be broadly categorized according to the following disciplines:
* Drug discovery: This discipline deals with the design and synthesis of new drug molecules and includes medicinal chemistry, combinatorial chemistry, and biotechnology.
* Drug delivery: This discipline deals with designing the forms of drug dosages and their delivery to patients. Those involved in drug delivery work to determine the best concentrations of and schedules for drugs. Sciences related to this field include pharmaceutics, biomaterials, and pharmacokinetics.
* Drug action: This discipline examines the actions of drugs in living systems. Sciences dealing with drug action include molecular biology, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, toxicology, and biochemistry.
* Clinical sciences: This discipline deals with the use of drugs to treat diseases. Drugs’ properties, such as efficacy, adverse effects, drug-to-drug interactions, and bioavailability, are tested in clinical trials.
* Drug analysis: This discipline deals with the separation, identification, and quantification of components of drugs.
* Cost effectiveness: This discipline deals with the economics of drug usage.
* Regulatory affairs: This discipline deals with the coordination of academia, industry, and regulatory bodies.
Careers in the Pharmaceutical Industry
The research-based pharmaceutical industry is one of the strongest components of the American economy and leads the world in discovering and developing innovative new life-saving medicines.
Almost half of the most important global drugs developed between 1975 and 1994 originated in the U.S. U.S. companies developed 370 new medicines to fight dreaded diseases during this period. In 2000, the market value of the industry was greater than $379 million. The field offers a myriad of opportunities to pharmaceutical scientists.
Pharmaceutical companies employ several hundred thousand professionals in a variety of jobs in the U.S. In view of the demand for well-trained professionals, the earning potential of pharmacists is very high. According to an American Pharmaceutical Association report, pharmacists’ salaries range from around $40,000 to $70,000.
Is a Career in Pharmaceutical Sciences Right for Me?
The pharmaceutical field is a good choice for those who:
* want to work in laboratories
* desire to contribute to the health and well-being of society
* love science and excel in the subject
* enjoy professional challenges
* enjoy finding solutions to medical problems baffling scientific communities
How Can I Become a Pharmaceutical Scientist?
Get an undergraduate or advanced college degree in pharmacy, chemistry, biology, medicine, or a related field. There are many who became pharmaceutical scientists after obtaining degrees in economics, marketing, business, or other non-scientific subjects. To work as a registered pharmacist, one needs to satisfy both national and state licensing requirements. Some states require fulfillment of a certain number of continuing education credits annually to stay abreast of developments in the field.
Kabbalah Uses Scientific Methods, But It’s not Regular Science
Bnei Baruch asked:
Perhaps you’ve heard that Kabbalah is connected to mysticism, magic, fortunetelling, tarot cards, and all kinds of other misconceptions. However, not many people know the truth about Kabbalah—it is a science that studies all of reality.
Why Kabbalah is considered a science? Because it uses the same methods as the natural sciences do. Kabbalists stage experiments and record all the settings and details involved in the process, to make sure that other people will be able to perform the same experiments and verify their findings.
As Kabbalists research the surrounding reality, they feel certain sensations, and they systematically record these sensations using graphs, tables and equations. Then, using these graphs, tables and equations, they once again perform an experiment, in order to replicate the research and check whether their previous findings were correct. This is known as the scientific approach, used in the natural sciences such as physics, chemistry and biology.
But what makes Kabbalah so unique and so different from other sciences? The difference is that Kabbalists use the scientific approach to study the hidden realm of reality. It’s called hidden or concealed because without its discovery by Kabbalists, we would never even suspect of its existence.
This is somewhat similar to how centuries ago, people would never have believed you if you told them that there are tiny living things, entire organisms called microbes and viruses, crawling around all over your body, and even inside it. Back then, people couldn’t even imagine that such a thing was possible. But scientific progress and research uncovered this hidden micro-world, and today everyone knows about it and considers it a norm.
But the hidden realm of reality studied by Kabbalists is quite different even from the micro-world or the macro-world studied by science. And that’s because this realm becomes revealed to the researcher and can be studied only after he develops his latent sense of it. So first of all, Kabbalah teaches a person how to develop this additional, inner instrument of research – you can call it the sixth sense.
As Kabbalists begin to feel the hidden realm through the sixth sense, they research the laws operating in that realm. And just like laws studied in physics, such as the law of gravity, there are also laws operating in that hidden realm of our reality. And studying these laws in detail is a major part of the Wisdom of Kabbalah.
Thus, Kabbalah is a science, but a special one. It is not studied and applied by means of our natural five senses, given to us from birth. Rather, it is a science studied and applied in the sixth sense that a Kabbalist develops.
All Kabbalistic research, the integral science of Kabbalah, comprises thousands of books that were written throughout millennia. The books remain a mystery to someone who does not know that they should be read through the sixth sense – which is why Kabbalah has been shrouded in so many misconceptions. But to a Kabbalist,
who knows that he is reading scientific books that document research of the hidden part of reality, the books say: this happens for that reason, X is connected to Y, if you perform this action, you will receive that reaction, and so on.
That is, just as in the natural sciences like physics, chemistry and psychology explain the nature and laws of the revealed part of our world, so Kabbalah explains the nature and laws of the hidden part of it. Thus, Kabbalah is far from any mystical or religious practice. Studying Kabbalah does not involve faith or belief in something that you haven’t felt, and there are no rituals or meditation sessions.
Moreover, just like the natural sciences, Kabbalah can be studied by anyone. You can have any natural traits, characteristics, or mentality, be a man or a woman, belong to any nationality or religion, and so on. Just like scientists engaged in physics or chemistry, Kabbalists do not ask who you are and where you come from. Their primary interest is: do you have a true desire to study the whole of reality? If so—you are welcome.
www.Kabbalah.info
Perhaps you’ve heard that Kabbalah is connected to mysticism, magic, fortunetelling, tarot cards, and all kinds of other misconceptions. However, not many people know the truth about Kabbalah—it is a science that studies all of reality.
Why Kabbalah is considered a science? Because it uses the same methods as the natural sciences do. Kabbalists stage experiments and record all the settings and details involved in the process, to make sure that other people will be able to perform the same experiments and verify their findings.
As Kabbalists research the surrounding reality, they feel certain sensations, and they systematically record these sensations using graphs, tables and equations. Then, using these graphs, tables and equations, they once again perform an experiment, in order to replicate the research and check whether their previous findings were correct. This is known as the scientific approach, used in the natural sciences such as physics, chemistry and biology.
But what makes Kabbalah so unique and so different from other sciences? The difference is that Kabbalists use the scientific approach to study the hidden realm of reality. It’s called hidden or concealed because without its discovery by Kabbalists, we would never even suspect of its existence.
This is somewhat similar to how centuries ago, people would never have believed you if you told them that there are tiny living things, entire organisms called microbes and viruses, crawling around all over your body, and even inside it. Back then, people couldn’t even imagine that such a thing was possible. But scientific progress and research uncovered this hidden micro-world, and today everyone knows about it and considers it a norm.
But the hidden realm of reality studied by Kabbalists is quite different even from the micro-world or the macro-world studied by science. And that’s because this realm becomes revealed to the researcher and can be studied only after he develops his latent sense of it. So first of all, Kabbalah teaches a person how to develop this additional, inner instrument of research – you can call it the sixth sense.
As Kabbalists begin to feel the hidden realm through the sixth sense, they research the laws operating in that realm. And just like laws studied in physics, such as the law of gravity, there are also laws operating in that hidden realm of our reality. And studying these laws in detail is a major part of the Wisdom of Kabbalah.
Thus, Kabbalah is a science, but a special one. It is not studied and applied by means of our natural five senses, given to us from birth. Rather, it is a science studied and applied in the sixth sense that a Kabbalist develops.
All Kabbalistic research, the integral science of Kabbalah, comprises thousands of books that were written throughout millennia. The books remain a mystery to someone who does not know that they should be read through the sixth sense – which is why Kabbalah has been shrouded in so many misconceptions. But to a Kabbalist,
who knows that he is reading scientific books that document research of the hidden part of reality, the books say: this happens for that reason, X is connected to Y, if you perform this action, you will receive that reaction, and so on.
That is, just as in the natural sciences like physics, chemistry and psychology explain the nature and laws of the revealed part of our world, so Kabbalah explains the nature and laws of the hidden part of it. Thus, Kabbalah is far from any mystical or religious practice. Studying Kabbalah does not involve faith or belief in something that you haven’t felt, and there are no rituals or meditation sessions.
Moreover, just like the natural sciences, Kabbalah can be studied by anyone. You can have any natural traits, characteristics, or mentality, be a man or a woman, belong to any nationality or religion, and so on. Just like scientists engaged in physics or chemistry, Kabbalists do not ask who you are and where you come from. Their primary interest is: do you have a true desire to study the whole of reality? If so—you are welcome.
www.Kabbalah.info
